Ancient Rivers - What Were the Most Important

Resegregation of American Public Schools - 1879 Words

Abstract Even in the 21st century the United States public school system is once again becoming segregated by race. Results of research show there are several factors involved in this trend, including housing discrimination and the United States Supreme Court granting the states sovereignty to govern their own policies on school desegregation; even going so far as to say the policies employed by states to desegregate based on race were unconstitutional. This topic addresses the issues causing resegregation and the ideas set forth to alleviate the problem and insure equal education for all children, regardless of race or socio-economic status. Resegregation in American Public Schools â€Å"In these days, it is doubtful that any child may†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"In the period from 1990-2005, the number of U.S. public school students increased by more than 10 million students. With an increase of about five million students, Latino students account for the largest part of this growth, and the proportion of Latino students in the West grew from 25% to 38% in this 15 year period. White students now make up 45 and 50% respectively of total public school enrollment in the two regions that are growing the fastest, the West and the South, which grew by three and five million students respectively. In the West, the share of white students dropped 14% and in the South, nine percent. The Midwest is the region with the highest white share at 73%, with the border states following at 68%† (Orfield Yun, 1999, p.6). Although less segregated than a decade ago, many communities are still mainly comprised of households that contain only one ethnicity or racial group (Carr, 2008). According to Orfield Lee, children in impoverished communities experience a loss of successful role models; most being unemployed or under-employed. 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Increased Employment In The Australian Tourism Sector

Question: Discuss about the Increased Employment In The Australian Tourism Sector. Answer: Introduction: The chosen topic of the current research proposal is Increased employment in the Australian tourism sector. The project covers the growth ratio and its projections regarding the jobs in the Australian tourism industry. In the projection period of 2011-12 and 2029-30, the data states that the tourism employment grows at an average annual rate of more than 1.5% (www.tra.gov.au, 2016). The government report Tourism Employment in Australia shows that Australias overall labour supply would grow by 1.04% with a population increment of 1.27%. Weaverand and Lawton (2006) also stated that a few states such as ACT and Victoria project a faster employment rate as compared to the other regions. The national data also show that the Australian tourism employment is going to grow in parallel with the overall work unit of Australia. However, the growth scenario is projected to be negative in some states as well. A mixture of positive and adverse impact on the tourism growth could be found by analysing the current proposal. Thus, the current proposal could help the tourism agencies assessing the employment growth potential in the Australian tourism sector. The current proposal would cover a brief literature review, research questions, hypothesis, operational definitions and other measurements. Also, a methodological review would be done, followed by describing the expected outcomes and a concluding remark of the study. Literature review: The majority of the tourism growth would be observed in the ACT state in the professional designation by 152.8%, followed by the region Victoria which is 143.6% (www.tra.gov.au, 2016). It is a proven fact that tourism graduates working in the tourism are attaining higher career growth as compared to the students working on the different domains. This situation is similar to other countries such as Portugal, Asia, China, etc., as well. Supporting to this fact, Costa et al. (2013) stated that tourism graduates employed outside the tourism sector are facing poorer working situations compared to those graduates employed within the same industry. It has been speculated that the tourism employment grows at an average annual rate of 1.4%. In terms of the full-time equivalent (FTE) jobs, the FTE tourism jobs have increased at an average rate of 1.4% per annum. As per the opinion of Hawkins (2015), the aggregate tourism employment would be increased to 424,300 in the year 2029-2030 from 342,800 in 2011-2012. As the non-business tourism has grown in the Australian tourism sector so that the non-business tourism is similarly changing in the employment in the tourist industry of Australia (Anne, 2011). As per the report of the Australian Tourism Sector, the projected growth of the tourism sector in Australia concerning employed persons would be reached to 656,200 in the year 2029-2030. Research questions and hypothesis: Problem statement The employment rate in the Australian tourism sector has increased. However, the employee retention margin is falling simultaneously. Research questions: What is the current employment growth of the Australian Tourism Sector? In which states of the country is developing more with the current tourism employment growth? What is the relationship between the current employment growth and the Australian Tourism Sector? What are the strategic initiatives to improve the current employment growth of the Australian Tourism Sector? Hypothesis: H0: The Australian Toursim sector is generating more employment. H1: The Australian Toursim sector is not generating more employment. Operational definitions and measurement: The scholars have tried to produce proper justification regarding the two major variables of the current research context, which is increased employment and the Australian Tourism Sector. Thus, the industry growth of the Australian Tourism Sector is helpful to measure the dependent and independent variables of the current research context. Research methodologies: Data collection and analysis: Sampling techniques: The sampling process is comprised of the probability and non-probability sampling process (Freshwater, 2007). The researchers would consider both the primary and the secondary data collection methods to collect the opinions of its chosen respondents. In the current proposal, the researcher would plan to consider the qualitative approach for which the non-probability sampling process would be considered. The secondary details would be collected from the sources like the journals, books, govern sites and the corporate details. However, the primary responses would be received through the qualitative approach. The researcher would consider 6 supervisors from the Australian tourism agencies to collect relevant information on the present research subject. According to Thomas (2015), the feedbacks of the chosen respondents (the supervisors) would be descriptive in nature, thus, cannot be quantifiable. Therefore, the information would be kept in the similar descriptive format collected from the supervisors. Moreover, the primary purpose of selecting the supervisors is gathering the accurate information regarding the employment rate in the Australian tourism industry. The advisors scrutinise over the specific concept. Therefore, the possibility of data manipulation would be comparatively less, and thus, the study can reach towards an authentic conclusion. Method of analysis: Garcilln and Ezcurra (2011) mentioned that the qualitative responses are analysed through the MS Excel and the qualitative details in the descriptive format. The responses received from the supervisors would be evaluated in the descriptive format. The feedbacks of the supervisors would be collected in a narrative manner, thus, it cannot be elaborated with any figurative format. Moreover, the opinions of the supervisors would be analysed through the managerial transcripts. Each of the supervisors would be allotted with the open-ended questions, where the supervisors would suggest providing the precise and accurate answers. The answers would be rated with a certain number to understand the estimated employment rate in the Australian tourism sector. Research process: The research process is evaluated with the support of the time frame: Time frame Topics Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5 Week 6 Introduction Illustrate the aim and objectives of the study Collection of the secondary data Determination of the research Methodology Accomplish quantitative and qualitative responses. Deduce the primary responses by triangulation process Objective linking and recommendation Table 1: Gantt chart (Source: self-developed) Expected outcomes: The growth in the tourism employment is developing robustly. The projection reflects that the effect of increased tourism directly affects the labour group of Australia, which is accelerating the intermediate production and transport services of the country. As a consequence, the profile of tourism employment changes to more highly qualified professionals in Australia. Conclusion: Considering the overall study, the tourism employment is predictable to propagate nationally by an average of rate of 1.4% per annum. In FTE terms the number of employed persons in this sector is increasing gradually and would reach to 656,200 in coming future. The leading industries in the Australia have taken the proper initiatives to hire more labour group for producing more better output in this tourism sector. Hence, the research hypothesis are completely aligned with the implications of the literature and the background of the study. Furthermore, more highly qualified professionals are required to foster the growth of the Australian Tourism Sector. References: Anne, S. (2011) Carnival Australia , Managing the Impact of Tourism, 2, pp. 30. Costa, C., Breda, Z., Malek, A. and Durao, M. (2013) Employment situation of tourism graduates working in and outside the tourism sector, GSTF International Journal on Business review, 3(1), pp. 141-146 Freshwater, D. (2007) Reading mixed methods research: contexts for criticism, Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 1(2), pp. 134-146 Garcilln, P. P. and Ezcurra, E. (2011) Sampling procedures and species estimation: Testing the effectiveness of herbarium data against vegetation sampling in an oceanic island, Journal of Vegetation Science, 22(2), pp. 273280 Hawkins, R. (2015) Managing ethical consumption in tourism, Tourism Management, 51(5), pp. 282284. Silec (2013) TOURISM EMPLOYMENT IN AUSTRALIA 201112 to 202930. Available at: https://www.tra.gov.au/documents/Tourism_Employment_Projections_FINAL_Oct13.pdf (Accessed: 17 August 2016). Thomas, J. A. (2015) Using unstructured diaries for primary data collection, Nurse Researcher, 22(5), pp. 2529 Weaver, D.B. and Lawton, L. (2006) Tourism management (Wiley Australia tourism). 3rd edn. Chichester, United Kingdom: Wiley, John Sons.

Project Initiation Document

Executive Summary Project implementation is significant when the objectives have to be realised. Even though a project initiation is involving and it takes a lot of time, the related activities also consume several resources.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Project Initiation Document specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This Project Initiation Document (PID) focuses on developing a business productivity project. This is done for Upright Seating Company Pty Ltd. The project aims to make the implementing organisation improve the overall productivity, thus it is able to realise its goals of increasing efficiency and effectiveness. The approaches that the project embraced from start till the end was qualitative and quantitative. It employed interviews, questionnaires and surveys in carrying out the research and its major phases included conception, definition, planning, execution/launching, performance, monitoring, con trol, and close/finalization. The project used material resources such as money, space, technology and human resources. The human resources include the facilitators, coordinators, developers, implementers, researchers and analysts to carry out the project’s implementation right from its start till the end. The project was intended to last for 22 weeks due to overlapping of some activities. When budgeting, the project’s material and human resources cost more money. For example, a total of $27,725 was needed to start the project.Advertising Looking for report on project management? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This budget accounted for the cost of space, computers, furniture, and fittings. In addition, it catered for the salaries for the human resources, depending on the qualification of the officials such as the facilitators, coordinators, developers, implementers, researchers and analysts. In essence, proper r emuneration of the staff and availability of material and financial resources were necessary for the successful implementation of the project. Introduction Victoria University Information Systems Consulting provides different services to its clients in the field of business and information. The business productivity project was done for Upright Seating Company Pty Ltd, but first presented to the consulting company for approval before sending it to the prospective client for review. It focused on a business development initiative that established the stages, which a prospective business person or entity should consider when developing a better strategy for the success of the company. In addition, it was developed to provide the client with an overview of the proposed project so that they could determine if they wanted to proceed with the project. Therefore, the project encompassed the scope, approach, schedules of activities (citing the duration of each and graphical representation i n a Gantt chart), resources, and budget that stood at $ 27,725.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Project Initiation Document specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Project Scope Focusing on the scope, the project aims to make the implementing organisation improve the overall productivity. The main objectives of the project included various elements. First, it aimed to improve efficiency and effectiveness in the operations. Second, the project intended to improve the client’s productivity in terms of quantity and quality. Third, it sought to streamline the production operations and monitoring process to advice for necessary alterations in the production. This meant that the implementing company maximises on the use of its resources. This was necessary and significant for the project’s success. Some of the business problems identified and discussed in the project that it sought to address included the use of inefficient equipment, improper utilisation of resources, ineffective management of human resources, poor quality products, and low quantity of goods. The problems usually affect the quality and quantity of unit production in the company, thus affecting profitability. Furthermore, inefficient systems were found to underutilise the available material and human resources. The project was expected to yield several benefits to the company such as use of improved and efficient equipment, improved utilization of material resources (raw materials), effective management of human resources, boost the quality of the company products, and increase the amount of goods.Advertising Looking for report on project management? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More These benefits are likely to ensure prudent utilisation of the resources, thus resulting into sustainability of the business operations. In this regard, the research was successful since the researcher obtained most of the pertinent information for making comparison and carrying out an analysis of the whole project. The experience that the researcher comes across and the way he or she accomplishes them shows the strength of achieving the project’s scope and objectives. Though there can be some problems in data gathering, especially from conservative respondent, the project’s scope becomes the driving force for the researcher to achieve success. For example, a number of the potential respondents might decline to finish the survey questions or refuse to return the dully completed forms, yet they could have voluntarily agreed to participate. Despite such problems in meeting the objectives of the study, it was finally successful since the researcher obtained more reliable and appropriate data from the methods that he/she used such as surveys and interviews, which were adequately completed. List of System Capabilities (Assumptions) A system is assumed to be efficient and time-saving since it is capable of increasing the rate and quality of production. Secondly, it is assumed to have the capability of tracking records of the organization policies, individual and business clients. Third, the system could be used in planning and making schedules of activities. It could also assist in searching, reporting, prospecting, and communicating the company information to its stakeholders. Project Approach The approaches that the research took from start till the end were qualitative as well as quantitative using interviews, questionnaires and surveys. The reason for this is that specific tasks and their outcome are measured qualitatively, while the length of time each activity is quantified. The major phases of the project and their duration included conception t hat was lasting for three weeks, definition (5 weeks), planning (14 weeks), execution/launching (5 weeks), performance (4weeks), monitoring (7 weeks), control (8 weeks), and close/finalisation (5 weeks). The entire project took 22 weeks to be completed, as shown in the table and graphical representation in Gantt chart, because some activities overlap as shown below. Project Schedule The project was implemented in series where each activity took specific number of weeks to complete. Besides, the length of each activity was fixed, depending on the period that the entire project was carried out. Some activities were longer, depending on the specific tasks that had to be accomplished. Although certain activities overlapped, there were others that only commenced after the end of another. For example, activities A and B were done concurrently. While activities B, C and D, C and D only commenced after A was competed. This is one of the reasons explaining the project duration, totaling to 2 2 weeks. Table 1: Durations for Each Activity Figure 1: Project Schedule Project Resources In project management and implementation, capital/material and human resources are the primary products. The project utilized material resources such as money, space and technology. On the other hand, the human resources such as the project facilitators, coordinators, developers, implementers, researchers and analysts. The availability of the materials and human resources facilitated the project from initiation to its end. Budget Analysis The budget for the entire project is large since all the activities and the people involved in the implementation have to be paid salaries and wages. Space and technology cost more money, because the project managers hired space and technological tools. The costs of space (office) and tools (computers, furniture and fittings) differ from one place to another. On the other hand, the human resources also cost more money, depending on the qualification of the officials, including the facilitators, coordinators, developers, implementers, researchers and analysts are paid to carry out the entire project from its inception till completion. Table 2: Summary of the Proposed Budget This report on Project Initiation Document was written and submitted by user Delaney U. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.