Ancient Rivers - What Were the Most Important

Resegregation of American Public Schools - 1879 Words

Abstract Even in the 21st century the United States public school system is once again becoming segregated by race. Results of research show there are several factors involved in this trend, including housing discrimination and the United States Supreme Court granting the states sovereignty to govern their own policies on school desegregation; even going so far as to say the policies employed by states to desegregate based on race were unconstitutional. This topic addresses the issues causing resegregation and the ideas set forth to alleviate the problem and insure equal education for all children, regardless of race or socio-economic status. Resegregation in American Public Schools â€Å"In these days, it is doubtful that any child may†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"In the period from 1990-2005, the number of U.S. public school students increased by more than 10 million students. With an increase of about five million students, Latino students account for the largest part of this growth, and the proportion of Latino students in the West grew from 25% to 38% in this 15 year period. White students now make up 45 and 50% respectively of total public school enrollment in the two regions that are growing the fastest, the West and the South, which grew by three and five million students respectively. In the West, the share of white students dropped 14% and in the South, nine percent. The Midwest is the region with the highest white share at 73%, with the border states following at 68%† (Orfield Yun, 1999, p.6). Although less segregated than a decade ago, many communities are still mainly comprised of households that contain only one ethnicity or racial group (Carr, 2008). According to Orfield Lee, children in impoverished communities experience a loss of successful role models; most being unemployed or under-employed. Their parents also lose access to networks in order to obtain better paying jobs and often experience a severe loss of resources to support high-quality schools (2005). In fact, moreShow MoreRelated Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas Essay1916 Words   |  8 PagesBoard of Education of Topeka Kansas ruling. The supreme court’s ruling stated that separate was in fact not equal. The court ordered that all schools desegregate. This ruling had finally and once and for all put a stop to the dejure segregation of our nation’s schools that had existed since the time when African Americans were allowed to attend schools. This ruling was definitely one of the most significant legal victories in the history of the civil rights movement and possibly the entire twentiethRead MoreInstitutional Racism And Integration Of Diverse Policies918 Words   |  4 Pagesracism are embedded in the culture of our systems and policies adopted over time. (Harris, 2015) To understand the concept of Institutional Racism it is essential to comprehend the underlying path in which the notion was born. Racism is imbedded into American culture whether intentional or unintentional. Most critics of Institutional Racism fail to adhere to the culture that was bred within America through political processes which may have sought out to eliminate racism; yet promoted the growth and separationRead MoreAnalysis Of Closing The Opportunity Gap By Gloria Ladson Billings 201515 Words   |  7 Pagesstudents will do in school by looking at their zip code, we know we have a serious systemic problem† (Gloria Ladson-Billings 20). When we are able to forecast how a child will perform by where the child resides, then how can we say that every child is receiving quality education. The unsuccessful educational system infused into the United States is affecting the majority of minorities. In the United States students due to their race and social class, suffer from und erfunded public schools, inexperiencedRead MoreRacism In America1757 Words   |  8 Pagesfavor of oppressing black citizens. After the most obvious racist institution in American history, slavery, the runner up is Jim Crow laws that essentially kept Black people unequal, and unequitable. Jim Crow laws existed until the Civil Right Act of 1964, and kept Blacks and Whites separated. They kept Black and White schools separated; kept Black and White neighborhoods separated, and created a divide in American society. In this case, Jeff Chang is not wrong. He writes in detail how Jim CrowRead MoreBrown Vs. Board Of Education Of Topeka1600 Words   |  7 PagesBrown Vs. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas was a huge American milestone throughout history, as it began the longstanding process of trying to deplete segregated schools and creating racial equality. This event marked the beginning of racial integration, starting with the schools. Many people failed to understand that segregated schools were not equal in quality, which further created tension among the African-American families and started many movements. When this case became headline news itRead MoreAnalysis Of Andre M. Perry s Article Stop Blaming Black Parents For Underachieving Children Essay1558 Words   |  7 PagesM. Perry’s article â€Å" Stop Blaming Black Parents for underachieving children† was published in the Washington Post in 2014. Andre M. Perry wrote this article as a response to the city mayors, school administrators, and even the President of the United States, who suggested to the public that African-American parents don t care about their kid’s education. Most people believe colored children s parents don t care about education because it is, â€Å"considered white to be smart† and since colored childrenRead MoreThe Case Plessy V. Ferguson1512 Words   |  7 Pagespolicy of racial segregation of the local governments, and it aimed to overturn Plessy. The case was a combination of five different cases: Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (in Kansas), Briggs v. Elliott (in South Carolina), Davis v. County School Board of Prince Edward County (in Virginia), Gebhart v. Belton (in Delaware), and Bolling v. Sharpe (in Washington D.C.), all of them were sponsored by National Association of Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). The Brown’s case itself had â€Å"thirteenRead MoreMichael Brown And Eric Garner : Victims Of Police Brutality1642 Words   |  7 Pageshands former police officer Darren Wilson in Ferguson, Missouri. At the time Michael was 18-year-old and he had been shot at least six times, twice in the head, by a white police officer. His dead body was then left uncovered on the ground for the public view of family and neighbors. The scene was nightmarish. This critical moment in contemporary United States history was not a beautiful beginning. The Department of Justice found that Brown physically attacked Wilson and attempted to grab his gunRead MoreThe Legacy Of The Jim Crow Laws1712 Words   |  7 Pagessociety. During the slavery years this was not necessary as both races could work side by side so long as the slaves recognized their so called, â€Å"subordinate† place. (Carson, 2015). This segregation applied nearly every where, from restaurants, to public transport, and even schooling at the elementary level. However once the 50’s and 60’s hit, blacks knew it was time to fight for their rights for the second time in the past hundred years. However, this movement would not come without its fair shareRead MoreEssay on Brown v. Board of Education Decision2159 Words   |  9 PagesBrown v. Board of Education, many people accepted school segregation and, in most of the southern states, required segregation. Schools during this time were supposed to uphold the â€Å"separate but equal† standard set during the 1896 case of Plessy v. Ferguson; however, most, if not all, of the â€Å"black† schools were not comparable to the â€Å"white† schools. The resources the â€Å"white† schools had available definitely exceed the resources given to â€Å"black† schools not only in quantity, but also in quality. Brown

Increased Employment In The Australian Tourism Sector

Question: Discuss about the Increased Employment In The Australian Tourism Sector. Answer: Introduction: The chosen topic of the current research proposal is Increased employment in the Australian tourism sector. The project covers the growth ratio and its projections regarding the jobs in the Australian tourism industry. In the projection period of 2011-12 and 2029-30, the data states that the tourism employment grows at an average annual rate of more than 1.5% (www.tra.gov.au, 2016). The government report Tourism Employment in Australia shows that Australias overall labour supply would grow by 1.04% with a population increment of 1.27%. Weaverand and Lawton (2006) also stated that a few states such as ACT and Victoria project a faster employment rate as compared to the other regions. The national data also show that the Australian tourism employment is going to grow in parallel with the overall work unit of Australia. However, the growth scenario is projected to be negative in some states as well. A mixture of positive and adverse impact on the tourism growth could be found by analysing the current proposal. Thus, the current proposal could help the tourism agencies assessing the employment growth potential in the Australian tourism sector. The current proposal would cover a brief literature review, research questions, hypothesis, operational definitions and other measurements. Also, a methodological review would be done, followed by describing the expected outcomes and a concluding remark of the study. Literature review: The majority of the tourism growth would be observed in the ACT state in the professional designation by 152.8%, followed by the region Victoria which is 143.6% (www.tra.gov.au, 2016). It is a proven fact that tourism graduates working in the tourism are attaining higher career growth as compared to the students working on the different domains. This situation is similar to other countries such as Portugal, Asia, China, etc., as well. Supporting to this fact, Costa et al. (2013) stated that tourism graduates employed outside the tourism sector are facing poorer working situations compared to those graduates employed within the same industry. It has been speculated that the tourism employment grows at an average annual rate of 1.4%. In terms of the full-time equivalent (FTE) jobs, the FTE tourism jobs have increased at an average rate of 1.4% per annum. As per the opinion of Hawkins (2015), the aggregate tourism employment would be increased to 424,300 in the year 2029-2030 from 342,800 in 2011-2012. As the non-business tourism has grown in the Australian tourism sector so that the non-business tourism is similarly changing in the employment in the tourist industry of Australia (Anne, 2011). As per the report of the Australian Tourism Sector, the projected growth of the tourism sector in Australia concerning employed persons would be reached to 656,200 in the year 2029-2030. Research questions and hypothesis: Problem statement The employment rate in the Australian tourism sector has increased. However, the employee retention margin is falling simultaneously. Research questions: What is the current employment growth of the Australian Tourism Sector? In which states of the country is developing more with the current tourism employment growth? What is the relationship between the current employment growth and the Australian Tourism Sector? What are the strategic initiatives to improve the current employment growth of the Australian Tourism Sector? Hypothesis: H0: The Australian Toursim sector is generating more employment. H1: The Australian Toursim sector is not generating more employment. Operational definitions and measurement: The scholars have tried to produce proper justification regarding the two major variables of the current research context, which is increased employment and the Australian Tourism Sector. Thus, the industry growth of the Australian Tourism Sector is helpful to measure the dependent and independent variables of the current research context. Research methodologies: Data collection and analysis: Sampling techniques: The sampling process is comprised of the probability and non-probability sampling process (Freshwater, 2007). The researchers would consider both the primary and the secondary data collection methods to collect the opinions of its chosen respondents. In the current proposal, the researcher would plan to consider the qualitative approach for which the non-probability sampling process would be considered. The secondary details would be collected from the sources like the journals, books, govern sites and the corporate details. However, the primary responses would be received through the qualitative approach. The researcher would consider 6 supervisors from the Australian tourism agencies to collect relevant information on the present research subject. According to Thomas (2015), the feedbacks of the chosen respondents (the supervisors) would be descriptive in nature, thus, cannot be quantifiable. Therefore, the information would be kept in the similar descriptive format collected from the supervisors. Moreover, the primary purpose of selecting the supervisors is gathering the accurate information regarding the employment rate in the Australian tourism industry. The advisors scrutinise over the specific concept. Therefore, the possibility of data manipulation would be comparatively less, and thus, the study can reach towards an authentic conclusion. Method of analysis: Garcilln and Ezcurra (2011) mentioned that the qualitative responses are analysed through the MS Excel and the qualitative details in the descriptive format. The responses received from the supervisors would be evaluated in the descriptive format. The feedbacks of the supervisors would be collected in a narrative manner, thus, it cannot be elaborated with any figurative format. Moreover, the opinions of the supervisors would be analysed through the managerial transcripts. Each of the supervisors would be allotted with the open-ended questions, where the supervisors would suggest providing the precise and accurate answers. The answers would be rated with a certain number to understand the estimated employment rate in the Australian tourism sector. Research process: The research process is evaluated with the support of the time frame: Time frame Topics Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5 Week 6 Introduction Illustrate the aim and objectives of the study Collection of the secondary data Determination of the research Methodology Accomplish quantitative and qualitative responses. Deduce the primary responses by triangulation process Objective linking and recommendation Table 1: Gantt chart (Source: self-developed) Expected outcomes: The growth in the tourism employment is developing robustly. The projection reflects that the effect of increased tourism directly affects the labour group of Australia, which is accelerating the intermediate production and transport services of the country. As a consequence, the profile of tourism employment changes to more highly qualified professionals in Australia. Conclusion: Considering the overall study, the tourism employment is predictable to propagate nationally by an average of rate of 1.4% per annum. In FTE terms the number of employed persons in this sector is increasing gradually and would reach to 656,200 in coming future. The leading industries in the Australia have taken the proper initiatives to hire more labour group for producing more better output in this tourism sector. Hence, the research hypothesis are completely aligned with the implications of the literature and the background of the study. Furthermore, more highly qualified professionals are required to foster the growth of the Australian Tourism Sector. References: Anne, S. (2011) Carnival Australia , Managing the Impact of Tourism, 2, pp. 30. Costa, C., Breda, Z., Malek, A. and Durao, M. (2013) Employment situation of tourism graduates working in and outside the tourism sector, GSTF International Journal on Business review, 3(1), pp. 141-146 Freshwater, D. (2007) Reading mixed methods research: contexts for criticism, Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 1(2), pp. 134-146 Garcilln, P. P. and Ezcurra, E. (2011) Sampling procedures and species estimation: Testing the effectiveness of herbarium data against vegetation sampling in an oceanic island, Journal of Vegetation Science, 22(2), pp. 273280 Hawkins, R. (2015) Managing ethical consumption in tourism, Tourism Management, 51(5), pp. 282284. Silec (2013) TOURISM EMPLOYMENT IN AUSTRALIA 201112 to 202930. Available at: https://www.tra.gov.au/documents/Tourism_Employment_Projections_FINAL_Oct13.pdf (Accessed: 17 August 2016). Thomas, J. A. (2015) Using unstructured diaries for primary data collection, Nurse Researcher, 22(5), pp. 2529 Weaver, D.B. and Lawton, L. (2006) Tourism management (Wiley Australia tourism). 3rd edn. Chichester, United Kingdom: Wiley, John Sons.

Project Initiation Document

Executive Summary Project implementation is significant when the objectives have to be realised. Even though a project initiation is involving and it takes a lot of time, the related activities also consume several resources.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Project Initiation Document specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This Project Initiation Document (PID) focuses on developing a business productivity project. This is done for Upright Seating Company Pty Ltd. The project aims to make the implementing organisation improve the overall productivity, thus it is able to realise its goals of increasing efficiency and effectiveness. The approaches that the project embraced from start till the end was qualitative and quantitative. It employed interviews, questionnaires and surveys in carrying out the research and its major phases included conception, definition, planning, execution/launching, performance, monitoring, con trol, and close/finalization. The project used material resources such as money, space, technology and human resources. The human resources include the facilitators, coordinators, developers, implementers, researchers and analysts to carry out the project’s implementation right from its start till the end. The project was intended to last for 22 weeks due to overlapping of some activities. When budgeting, the project’s material and human resources cost more money. For example, a total of $27,725 was needed to start the project.Advertising Looking for report on project management? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This budget accounted for the cost of space, computers, furniture, and fittings. In addition, it catered for the salaries for the human resources, depending on the qualification of the officials such as the facilitators, coordinators, developers, implementers, researchers and analysts. In essence, proper r emuneration of the staff and availability of material and financial resources were necessary for the successful implementation of the project. Introduction Victoria University Information Systems Consulting provides different services to its clients in the field of business and information. The business productivity project was done for Upright Seating Company Pty Ltd, but first presented to the consulting company for approval before sending it to the prospective client for review. It focused on a business development initiative that established the stages, which a prospective business person or entity should consider when developing a better strategy for the success of the company. In addition, it was developed to provide the client with an overview of the proposed project so that they could determine if they wanted to proceed with the project. Therefore, the project encompassed the scope, approach, schedules of activities (citing the duration of each and graphical representation i n a Gantt chart), resources, and budget that stood at $ 27,725.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Project Initiation Document specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Project Scope Focusing on the scope, the project aims to make the implementing organisation improve the overall productivity. The main objectives of the project included various elements. First, it aimed to improve efficiency and effectiveness in the operations. Second, the project intended to improve the client’s productivity in terms of quantity and quality. Third, it sought to streamline the production operations and monitoring process to advice for necessary alterations in the production. This meant that the implementing company maximises on the use of its resources. This was necessary and significant for the project’s success. Some of the business problems identified and discussed in the project that it sought to address included the use of inefficient equipment, improper utilisation of resources, ineffective management of human resources, poor quality products, and low quantity of goods. The problems usually affect the quality and quantity of unit production in the company, thus affecting profitability. Furthermore, inefficient systems were found to underutilise the available material and human resources. The project was expected to yield several benefits to the company such as use of improved and efficient equipment, improved utilization of material resources (raw materials), effective management of human resources, boost the quality of the company products, and increase the amount of goods.Advertising Looking for report on project management? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More These benefits are likely to ensure prudent utilisation of the resources, thus resulting into sustainability of the business operations. In this regard, the research was successful since the researcher obtained most of the pertinent information for making comparison and carrying out an analysis of the whole project. The experience that the researcher comes across and the way he or she accomplishes them shows the strength of achieving the project’s scope and objectives. Though there can be some problems in data gathering, especially from conservative respondent, the project’s scope becomes the driving force for the researcher to achieve success. For example, a number of the potential respondents might decline to finish the survey questions or refuse to return the dully completed forms, yet they could have voluntarily agreed to participate. Despite such problems in meeting the objectives of the study, it was finally successful since the researcher obtained more reliable and appropriate data from the methods that he/she used such as surveys and interviews, which were adequately completed. List of System Capabilities (Assumptions) A system is assumed to be efficient and time-saving since it is capable of increasing the rate and quality of production. Secondly, it is assumed to have the capability of tracking records of the organization policies, individual and business clients. Third, the system could be used in planning and making schedules of activities. It could also assist in searching, reporting, prospecting, and communicating the company information to its stakeholders. Project Approach The approaches that the research took from start till the end were qualitative as well as quantitative using interviews, questionnaires and surveys. The reason for this is that specific tasks and their outcome are measured qualitatively, while the length of time each activity is quantified. The major phases of the project and their duration included conception t hat was lasting for three weeks, definition (5 weeks), planning (14 weeks), execution/launching (5 weeks), performance (4weeks), monitoring (7 weeks), control (8 weeks), and close/finalisation (5 weeks). The entire project took 22 weeks to be completed, as shown in the table and graphical representation in Gantt chart, because some activities overlap as shown below. Project Schedule The project was implemented in series where each activity took specific number of weeks to complete. Besides, the length of each activity was fixed, depending on the period that the entire project was carried out. Some activities were longer, depending on the specific tasks that had to be accomplished. Although certain activities overlapped, there were others that only commenced after the end of another. For example, activities A and B were done concurrently. While activities B, C and D, C and D only commenced after A was competed. This is one of the reasons explaining the project duration, totaling to 2 2 weeks. Table 1: Durations for Each Activity Figure 1: Project Schedule Project Resources In project management and implementation, capital/material and human resources are the primary products. The project utilized material resources such as money, space and technology. On the other hand, the human resources such as the project facilitators, coordinators, developers, implementers, researchers and analysts. The availability of the materials and human resources facilitated the project from initiation to its end. Budget Analysis The budget for the entire project is large since all the activities and the people involved in the implementation have to be paid salaries and wages. Space and technology cost more money, because the project managers hired space and technological tools. The costs of space (office) and tools (computers, furniture and fittings) differ from one place to another. On the other hand, the human resources also cost more money, depending on the qualification of the officials, including the facilitators, coordinators, developers, implementers, researchers and analysts are paid to carry out the entire project from its inception till completion. Table 2: Summary of the Proposed Budget This report on Project Initiation Document was written and submitted by user Delaney U. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Youth Problems free essay sample

We want to see as more countries as possible; to meet various people of diffrent nationalities, in short we want to take of life as much as life can permit us. But the only place where we feel ourselves comfortable, protected is our home. Of course there are a lot of examples when teenagers leave their parents, their sweet home. The reason of their leaving sometimes in misunderstanding between them and their parents. Being a child you want more attention †¦ Later you need a good advice†¦ then freedom. But usually the desired freedoom is replaced by the strictness of our parents, their great desire to take care of us, to teach us. They don`t understand that their children are adult and have their own opinion, own wishes. And as a rule our desires and the ones of our parents are differ. There are some teenagers,who don’t want to tell to their parents most things about their life. We will write a custom essay sample on Youth Problems or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Parents are often heard to say that as well their teenage children become more independent, so they tend to become less communicative. When asked about why they kept some things from their parents,many teenagers explained they were afraid their parents would not understand. This is because adolescence is said a time when young people are experimenting and seaching for their individual identities. Another reason is that our parents are always short of time . Their being busy steals the time which can be devoted to help their children, to listen to their problems. So, their children feel indifference and look for attention ,advice,support among their friends,in the streets. . Teenagers want to seem more modern and cool, they don`t want to differ from others of their age so they try the â€Å"forbidden apple†. Being under attack of bad influence of the street: teenagers begin to smoke, try drugs , drink alcohol etcTheir life becomes broken to pieces. I don`t agree with those who do the same. The problem of these bad habits became global nowadays. I think it is necessary to fight with this problem. Drugs kill the youth and the future of tenagers. It is a real tragedy for them and for their parents . Parents should be more attentive to their children in order not to make them unhappy. They must be a source of example and information for their children. I am happy that my parents are very nice people, I can take a lot from them. They are good example for me. Of course the biggest part of parents take care of their children, they help in different situations with good pieces of advices, they support them and help to solve problems. One of the teenagers problems is chosing the future profession. There are a lot of them:teachers, doctors, engeneeres, programmists, sailors, workers, translators, economists. Some of them implies communication with people,others working with machines. In future I want to be a translator. English is my favourite subject at school. I`ve decided to connect my life with English, I really understand that it is my way. I like this profession because English is an international language and this fact gives us a chance to communicate with people of different nationalities. Another problem is school. It is full of rules, duties, lessons†¦The school helps to realise aims,which they dreamt for a long time. You must do a lot of things you never did before, and you find it difficult. But being obedient, I understood that it is necessary to get good results. The final years of secondary school are generally as a fairly stressful period for students. There are exams to get ready for, desicions about the future to be made and many aspects of growing up to come to face with. In spite of all these it may seem surprising that students of this age have enough time and energy left for forming relationships. It is also the problem of teenagers. They must be very attentive in chosing real friends. What qualities do girls like best in boys? â€Å"Confidence†, say teenagers. Someones put being funny at the top of their lists. And what do boys most value in girls? Not surprisingly that good looks topped their list. I think when you are a teenager, you want to be attractive to everyone. You want to be acceptable to your peers, male and female. Nowadays under the influence of the intertainment industry, many young people are spending countless hours dieting, pumping iron, and doing aerobic exercises, all in an effort to transform the size and shape of their bodies. I know some girls which starving in order to achieve that â€Å"perfect† body. But we are not perfect. In my opinion, if we can not have the greatest look ,we may can work with what you`ve . I think proper rest and sleep,neat clothes and good manners can help us to look and feel our best. People are attracted to someone who uses kind , tactful speech and who shows consideration for others. Finaly, we may find it helpful to cultivate a balanced sence of humor. A person who has a sence of humor often makes friends easily. I think a person should and have to have many friends. But among them there can be only two or three a real ones. Real friends will never betray each other, they are always ready to help. They say : â€Å"A friend in need is a friend indeed†. It is wonderful if your school friend will remain your real friend for the rest of your life. Life is difficult, and you never know what is going to be tomorrow. We should be wise . If we want people around us to be kind and tactful, if we want them to help us, we should do the same towards them. This will make our life more humain. The problems of teenagers are countlees. They say this period of life of every person is a desease which should be overcome. Problems are always exist. I think that without problems our life will be boring. Moreover, when people start to cope with different problems they become stronger and get experience. They harden like steel while overcoming problems . We should have problems in order to learn to live.

The 3 Stages of a Spiders Life Cycle

The 3 Stages of a Spider's Life Cycle All spiders, from the tiniest jumping spider to the largest tarantula, have the same general life cycle. They mature in three stages: egg, spiderling, and adult. Though the details of each stage vary from one species to another, they are all very similar. The spider mating ritual also varies and males must approach a female carefully or he may be mistaken for prey. Even after mating, many male spiders will die though the female is very independent and will care for her eggs on her own. Despite the rumors, the majority of female spiders do not eat their mates. Egg, the Embryonic Stage After mating, female spiders store sperm until they are ready to produce eggs. The mother spider first constructs an egg sac from strong silk that is tough enough to protect her developing offspring from the elements. She then deposits her eggs inside it, fertilizing them as they emerge. A single egg sac may contain just a few eggs, or several hundred, depending on the species. Spider eggs generally take a few weeks to hatch. Some spiders in temperate regions will overwinter in the egg sac and emerge in spring. In many spider species, the mother guards the egg sac from predators until the young hatch. Other species will place the sac in a secure location and leave the eggs to their own fate. Wolf spider mothers carry the egg sac with them. When theyre ready to hatch, they will bite the sac open and free the spiderlings. Also unique to this species, the young spend as many as ten days hanging onto their mothers back. Spiderling, the Immature Stage Immature spiders, called spiderlings, resemble their parents but are considerably smaller when they first hatch from the egg sac. They immediately disperse, some by walking and others by a behavior called ballooning. Spiderlings that disperse by ballooning will climb onto a twig or other projecting object and raise their abdomens. They release threads of silk from their spinnerets, letting the silk catch the wind and carry them away. While most spiderlings travel short distances this way, some can be carried to remarkable heights and across long distances.   The spiderlings will molt repeatedly as they grow larger and theyre very vulnerable until the new exoskeleton forms completely. Most species reach adulthood after five to 10 molts. In some species, the male spiders will be fully mature as they exit the sac. Female spiders are always larger than males, so often take more time to mature. Adult, the Sexually Mature Stage When the spider reaches adulthood, it is ready to mate and begin the life cycle all over again. In general, female spiders live longer than males; males often die after mating. Spiders usually live just one to two years, though this does vary by species. Tarantulas have unusually long life spans. Some female tarantulas live 20 years or more. Tarantulas also continue molting after reaching adulthood. If the female tarantula molts after mating, she will need to mate again, because she sheds the sperm storage structure along with her exoskeleton. Resources and Further Reading Cranshaw, Whitney, and Richard Redak. Bugs Rule!: An Introduction to the World of Insects. Princeton University, 2013.Evans, Arthur V. National Wildlife Federation: Field Guide to Insects and Spiders of North America. Sterling, 2007.Savransky, Nina, and Jennifer Suhd-Brondstatter. â€Å"Spiders: An Electronic Field Guide.† Field Biology, Brandeis University, 2006.

International banking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

International banking - Essay Example Having considered these two versions of definition for funding liquidity, it is also worth noting here that some experts (Brunnemeier and Pedersen, 2007; Strahan, 2008) have defined liquidity from traders and investors’ perspectives, by stating that it refers to their capability and potential to raise funds in short term. In cases when banks are unable to make timely payments or traders or investors are unable to generate funds from the market, as readily as they could have, there is a situation involving funding liquidity risk. International Monetary Fund (2008) defines funding liquidity risk by stating that it is the lack of capability of a financial institution to discharge its liabilities or financial obligations in due time. Normally, funding liquidity risk emerges from availability issues pertaining to the following sources of funding liquidity: Trading of Assets; Securitization; Loan Syndication; and Obtaining loans from Secondary Market. Having considered these factors , it is not a simple task to measure funding liquidity risk. ... t process for funding liquidity, Drehmann and Nikolaou (2008) have suggested a more simplistic measure for funding liquidity risk while keeping in view the central bank as the source for funding liquidity. The adjusted bid is denoted by the following expression: On the basis of this adjusted bid determination expression, Drehmann and Nikolaou (2008) then constructed a proxy for the funding liquidity risk, which is the sum of all bids made by all banks. The proxy is presented as follows: Or in other words: The review of theoretical and empirical literature pertaining to funding liquidity risk shows that increased risk associated with funding liquidity reflects an increased valuation of bids in the market, as investors and traders seek more return for higher risk assets. In order to normalize the bid price, Drehmann and Nikolaou (2008) have introduced the concept of adjusted bid, which is ultimately used in the measurement of liquidity funding risk. Having discussed funding liquidity, funding liquidity risk and its measurement, it is now relatively a simple task to describe and understand market liquidity, which in a similar manner, refers to the ability of traders to sell and/or buy assets in the market with no or little influence on its price and at lowest possible costs (Hooker & Kohn, 1994). Market liquidity relates directly to the cost of an asset in the market. It is the bid-ask spread aimed at determining the loss caused to sellers upon selling an asset in the market and purchasing it again at the same time. Another factor which relates to market liquidity is the â€Å"market depth†. Market depth is depictive of the number of units of an asset traders are willing to trade while keeping in view the existing prices, i.e. both for bid and ask, provided that no changes

Software-generated information to make decision in an oganisation Essay

Software-generated information to make decision in an oganisation - Essay Example Activity Immediate Predecessor Time (Days) Earliest Start time Earliest Finish time Latest Start Time Latest Finish Time Slack 01 None 1 0 1 0 1 0 02 01 11 01 12 1 12 0 03 01 14 12 26 38 52 26 04 03 5 26 31 52 57 26 05 02 23 12 35 29 52 17 06 05 5 35 40 52 57 17 07 02 20 12 32 37 57 25 08 02 30 12 42 12 42 0 09 08 15 42 57 42 57 0 10 08 2 42 44 50 52 8 11 02 33 12 45 14 47 2 12 11 10 45 55 47 57 2 13 10 4 44 48 52 56 8 14 13,10 1 48 49 56 57 8 15 06,07,09,14 1 57 58 57 58 0 Answer A The normal time for completing the project is expected to be 58 days. For the project to be completed on 30th November 2013 having commenced on 1st October 2013, it calls for crashing the time because the period of completion is shorter than the predicted time in the activity plan. Activities to be crashed must have the minimum cost implication for the process and usually they are those in the critical path. It is worth to note that, the Microsoft project considers work only done for five days of the week thus the time span for the project adds up to forty-five days. The Gantt chart that would be realized from the above information is as indicated in the MS Project. (See attached file) Answer B The network diagram of the project information in the above tables as follows Answer C The critical path refers to a sequence of activities in a project that form the longest chain in terms of their completion time. The set of these activities in a project network are determined by calculating the slack. Where by the slack is obtained by subtracting the earliest start time and activity duration from latest finish time. The critical path is realized in those activities whose slack is equal to zero. From the above table, the activities with a zero slack are 01, 02, 08, 09, and 15. Thus, the critical path can be concluded to be 01 – 02 – 08 – 09-15. Answer D The project duration is determined by adding up the time durations of all the activities in the critical path of the p roject network. In the above project network, the critical path was determined above and realized to be 01 – 02 – 08 – 09 - 15. To determine the least time duration would be (1 + 11 + 30 + 15 + 1) = 58 days. Answer to Task 2 Year Cash inflows Discounting factor (10%) Discounted cash inflow Cash inflows (C) Discounting factor (15%) Discounted cash inflow (Ci) 1 2500 0.9091 2272.73 2500 0.8696 2173.91 2 2750 0.8264 2272.73 2750 0.7561 2079.40 3 3025 0.7513 2272.73 3025 0.6575 1988.99 4 3327.5 0.6830 2272.73 3327.5 0.5718 1902.51 5 3660.25 0.6209 2272.73 3660.25 0.4972 1819.79 Total 11363.63 9964.60 Net Present Value (NPV) is a measure used for evaluating the value of a business by determining the present value of such investment by adding up all the discounted cash inflows received within the given period of the investment. The formula for discounting by the NVP method Where C0= Cash outflow also known as Initial Investment Ci = Cash flows for the given years r = Discount rate T = Time Where r = the discount rate, and T = time NVP the rate is at 10% NVP = 198.43 NVP when the rate is at 15% NVP = 46.19533 This method is used to determine the profitability and suitability of a project before commencing a plan to undertake the investment. A project with a positive NPV is said to be favorable, whereas one with a negative NPV is regarded as unfavorable and thus investor would be discouraged to undertake that project. Report Summery Project management

Narrative Example Essay Example for Free

Narrative Example Essay T ‘was a beautiful day. The sun shone brightly in the East. Birds chirping, sweetly singing on the branches of a trees. Warm smiles of my neighbors, together with the refreshing smell of cold breeze joined the atmosphere. Everything was so perfect. BUZZ, BUZZ, BUZZZZZZ. My alarm clock rang. What?! I’m so late for my class. Blame that stupid dream. Hurriedly, I forcefully took a bath on cold waters. Within 15 minutes, I was all set. I arrived at school very late. When I entered the class, a male friend of mine smiled at me. To show some respect, I flashed my not-so-cool grin and sank to my seat. Bored enough, I took my phone out. A text message from someone anonymous surprised me. It said, â€Å"Meet me at the canteen at exactly 9 A.M. Refer to the School clock†. I glanced at the clock, yawned and dozed off to sleep. See more: how to start a narrative essay for college I completely forgot about the text. Zzzzzzz. Seconds, minutes, hours flew fast by. My typical day ended somewhat nothing has been accomplished. I loved it. Entering our house, my phone rang. A friend was calling. A male voice from the other line was talking , telling me to go with him on the hospital because there was an emergency. I hurriedly went out the house and went with him. As we walked, thoughts engulfed me, the hospital was our neighbour and we went to ride in a car. How strange. Upon entering the car, my friends shouted â€Å"VICTIM† and laughed so hard. Okay, that was a set-up! I was so pissed off. Grrrrhhh! They brought me to Waterworld Resort. Entering the gates, the Ensemble played a soft romantic music. A waiter signalled me to come so I followed him. Later, I saw a guy holding a white rose. I studied him carefully only to be surprised that the guy was my crush. I saw him flashed his pearly whites on me. Wondering, I went and asked him, â€Å" What’s this?† Instead of answering, he motioned me to come with him. We walked on the garden and talked. I talked, he talked, we talked. I smiled, he laughed. Food trips and more talks It’s so sad but I have to bid him goodbye . Before I walked away from him, he hugged me so tight in front of my friends and whispered his three magical words, â€Å"I love you†. I was so shocked. I don’t know how would I react so I just smiled and nod. I can’t talk that night. I felt like my mind is somewhere over there, away from me. It was so romantic. It was so memorable. Dated with love, February 28, 2010. More dates followed and he courted me. We became young lovers and until now, we are still together.

What Factors Effect Student Cinema Attendance Media Essay

What Factors Effect Student Cinema Attendance Media Essay The main objective of this research is to determine factors that affect UEL students cinema-going behaviour. This report consist two main parts, Research Methodology and Finding and Analysis. At the end, a conclusion will be drawn out based on finding. 1.0 Literature Review Cinema-going refer to an action taken by individual to visit cinema for a movie screening, as those who visit cinema are called cinema-goers (Lipponen et al, 2003). Many researches have been done by researchers on cinema going behaviour in some country such as Australia (Henderson, 2007), Finland, Estonia, and Portugal (Lipponen et al, 2003). These studies focus on characteristics of cinema-goers that are similar between two or more different place. In order to determine what factors that affect cinema going behaviours, several areas of consumer behaviour have put into consideration. Knowledge Consumers knowledge refers to the amount of information that store within the memory of consumer on that particular product or services (Blackwell et al, 2001). What UEL students knew about that movie will affect their cinema-going behaviour. For examples, who is starring that movie? Who is the director? When the movie will be screen on local cinema? Attitudes Basically attitudes refer to what consumer prefer or like to consume. Cinema-goers usually go cinema watch movie is because of their favourite type movie screening. If that particular movie is dislike by him/her, most likely he/she wont go cinema. Perception Sometimes what consumer thought about that particular goods or services might affect their purchasing decision. Example action movies might suit to boys because of fighting scene but not suit for girl as they think that fighting is not good. 2.0 Methodology Research methods that going to apply is sampling method consist of survey throughout UEL students who study in International Business and Marketing course. Comparison between local and foreign students applied as different in background, education level, cinema censorship and perception toward a particular movie. Non-probability sampling applied where questionnaires were distributed based on their knowledge and personality. There are several limitations and advantages (Singleton et al, 1993) by using non-probability sampling. Limitations of non-probability sampling are unable to prevent bias of investigator on selection of participants and unable to predict the sampling error or sample precision. Advantages are less expensive and easy to collect with high respond rate. Primary data Questionnaire consist of 90 sets were distributed among UEL students and 80 sets responded. The questionnaire consists of 3 sections with total of 18 where most are close-ended questions (referring to Appendix 1). Total Responded Rate = 80 / 90 * 100% = 88.89% Besides that, focus group and personal interview have been used to collect primary data. This method apply is because focus group provide more information compare to observation (Morgan, 1997). Besides that, result can be obtained in fast and easy way. Yet some may not be able to join in the focus group due to distance and not easy to locate the right person (Morgan, 1997). Detailed explanation on these two methods stated on Appendix 2. Personally interview was carried out in order to obtain more accurate data beside questionnaire and focus group. Two respondents with different background and knowledge level were selected as they able to provide different answers which are not generalise. Yet limitation of personal interview is bias may occurred when selecting respondents and that respondents may not have the time for interview. 3.0 Finding and Analysis Based on Table 1, questionnaire respondents of 80 divided into two groups, 46 local students and 34 foreign students. All those respondents are UEL students. Question 2: What day in a week you likely will visit to cinema? Based on the finding from questionnaire, Saturday ranked as the first choose of day to go cinema for a movie with a total of 43 (27.56%), both local and foreign, students. While Wednesday ranked as second choice of UEL students with 37 (23.72%) students. Friday and Sunday follow after second ranking. Values of percentage refer to Table 2.1. From the overall finding, we conclude that local and foreign students prefer to watch movie on weekends. Result from focus group has found similarity to questionnaire where majority of member prefer to watch movie on Saturday and Wednesday. One of them stated that Wednesday they able to purchase the ticket using student price. The others stated Saturday is more suitable as their boyfriend/girlfriend/classmates doesnt have any class where they usually unable to meet during weekdays. Yet from personal interview, local respondent choose weekdays as weekends price for ticket is much expensive. Foreign respondent stated that weekends will not suitable as too crowded. Question 3: What types of movie genre you prefer to watch at cinema? Through questionnaire, both local and foreign students prefer to watch action movies in cinema with a total of 54 (20.69%) respondents. While comedy (46 respondents, 17.62%) and romance (30 respondents, 11.49%) following the back. Dance/musical movies found as the lowest pick (20 respondents, 7.66%) and hence being ranked as likely unwelcome movies among local and foreign students. Values of percentage can be found in Table 3.1. Focus group show same result where majority of them are like to watch action movie. Reasons are have different kind of feeling, more excited, sound system made it more real, love to watch martial arts and so on. One of them stated that romance movies are suitable to watch together with their spouse. None of them prefer to watch dance/musical movies at cinema. Personal interview indicated that action movies are their first choice if they wish go cinema. One of respondents says that dance/musical movies are not worth to watch at cinema. Hence conclusion is movie genre can affect UEL student cinema-going behaviour where the movie must in the preference of them. Question 4: What language of movie that you preferred to watch? Based on the result of questionnaire, both local and foreign students prefer to watch English language movies (68 respondents, 57.63%). Chinese language movies are the second higher (38 respondents, 32.2%). Certain respondents have chosen other languages such as Japanese, Korean, and Hindu. From focus group, all respondents choose English language movies. Reasons are they want to improve/strengthen their language in English, much better compare with other types, learn the way they speak and etc. Result from personal interview also supporting finding in questionnaire as they found that their spoken language in English is bad and want to improve by learning how they speak. Local respondent stated that English movies are much more excited that other language movie. Question 5: Usually you go to cinema with whom? From questionnaires result, we found that majority of local and foreign UEL students go cinema with their friends (75 respondents, 64.66%). Spouse (22 respondents, 18.97%) and family (13 respondents, 11.21%) following after friends. This situation occurred as majority of respondents prefer to watch action movies and their girlfriend unwilling to follow them. Focus groups respondents also providing similar answer as questionnaire where they feel that a group of friends go for movie watching is part of their entertainment, fulfil their social needs as illustrated in Maslows Hierarchy of Needs (refer to Appendix 3). Result from personal interview show different respond. Local respondent spend much of the time watch movies with his girlfriend while foreign respondent prefer to watch movies with friends as his spouse didnt follow him come here to study. Question 8: Based on your last cinema going experience, please the following statement. (1 Very Poor, 2 Poor, 3 Fair, 4 Good, 5 Very Good) Respondents in questionnaire choose that environment on previous visiting to cinema are good. Majority of local and foreign students (46 respondents which is the highest among three factors, 57.5%) are satisfied with the environment such as seats, screening, sound system and others. This shows that students satisfaction on cinemas environment can be important factor in affecting cinema-going behaviour. At the same time, focus group provide more reasons to support result in questionnaire as all respondents are satisfied with overall environment during last visit to cinema. One of the respondents stated that every single cinema company is competing with each other by providing better environment and services especially Golden Screen Cinema (GSC). The others say they will visit the same cinema again in the future because that particular cinema can satisfied them. Respondents in personal interview stated that environment play less role when determine cinema-going where location is the most important. Even the closer cinema to his house didnt provide good environment, he will insist to go there. Question 9: How do you become aware of the new movies screening in the local cinema? Through questionnaire, we can see that majority of local and foreign UEL students become aware of new movies and obtain their information through newspaper and friends recommendations (both with the same respondents rate of 49, 24.87%). Besides that, online website (36 respondents, 18.27%) is another place where they can get new movies information from. Focus groups respondents also stated that they usually obtain information from their friends or through newspaper. Seldom watch movie trailer before going to cinema and watch that particular movie. Online website usually used for e-reservation purpose only. Personal interview also found that local and foreign UEL students also obtain their information by friends recommendation and newspaper. Respondents stated that movies that rated best or good by friends should be fine with them. Therefore they will go cinema and watch that movies. We able to conclude that friends influence can affect their cinema-going behaviour. Question 10: Please indicate what reasons that discourage you from going cinema. Result from questionnaire show that location (53 respondents, 42.06%) is the main factor that affects their cinema-going behaviour, both local and foreign students. Ticket price ranked as second factor with 28 respondents and 22.22% while public transportation (21 respondents, 16.67%) follows at the back. Those respondents choose others provide reason such as environment and availability of new movies in that cinema. In contrast focus group provides different answer from questionnaire where majority of respondents stated that location is not their concern. They stated that environment is their main concern of going cinema even that cinema located far from their living place. Minority say that public transportation must available as they dont have own transportation. But personal interview show that location is their main concern as they need to travel with their own transport. Sometime traffic is too crowded until they feel tired if that cinema located far from their house. Environment will fall under consideration when going cinema. Question 12: Does the availability of movie viewing alternative such as DVD/VCD/Online streaming discourage you from going cinema? Based on questionnaire result, we may conclude that majority of the respondents will not be discouraged to go cinema even there is availability of movie viewing alternative. The result accumulated with 43 respondents or 53.75% of total respondents. Focus group show supportive result where all respondents choose that movie viewing alternative will not be the factor from discouraging them from going cinema. Respondents say that watching movie at cinema will have different feeling from watching VCD/DVD at home. Besides that environment in cinema can allow couple to strengthen their relation according to respondent. Moreover personal interview show the similar result as questionnaire and focus group. Both local and foreign students will not bought VCD/DVD/Online streaming as they want to be the first person to watch the movie in cinema. Besides that, if the movie is good then they can recommend to their friends. 4.0 Conclusion When preparing the report, comparison is made between local students and foreign students. Through the research, we can conclude that both local and foreign UEL students prefer to watch movies with their friends. Besides that, majority of them go to cinema based on their satisfaction on several areas such as environment, sound system, screen and etc. Yet local students obtain their information for that particular movie through their friends recommendation while foreign students prefer to get information through newspaper. However, this research topic required a deeper analysis to a wider range of factors and keeps up to date where human behaviour will change from time-to-time. (2,057 words) 5.0 Appendixes Survey form sample (Appendix 1) University of East London Stamford College Petaling Jaya Lot 7A, Jalan 223, Seksyen 14, 46100 Petaling Jaya, Selangor Tel: (+603) 79563188 Website: www.stamford.edu.my Dear Sir/Madam, A research has been conducted in order to determine what factors that affect UEL students cinema-going behaviour. Therefore survey form was distributed among UEL students. Information will be used for education and research purpose only. All information disclosed in this survey form will not be distributed or re-used by third party. Please kindly answer ALL questions listed in the survey form. Thank you. Section A: Demographic (Please read the question carefully and place à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ on those answer that most appropriate) Gender: Male Female Age: Below 20 21 23 24 26 27 29 Above 30 Nationality: Malaysian China Indonesian Others: _______________ Race: Malay Chinese Indian Others: _______________ Marital status: Single Married Divorced Highest education level: Primary school Secondary school A Level College University *UEL ID: ____________________ (Year ___ Semester ___) * Field indicated to fill in for future data keeping. Section B: How often do you visit cinema? Everyday 3 4 times per week Once a month Once per week Never visit (Go to Section C) What day in a week you likely will visit to cinema? Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday What types of genre you prefer to watch at cinema? (Continued Pg 3) Animation 3D Horror Romance Action Comedy Sci-Fi Dance/Musical What language of movie that you preferred to watch? English Chinese Tamil Others: ______________ Do you prefer to watch movie similar to drama? (eg, High School Musical1, 2 and 3) Yes No Usually you go to cinema with whom? (Can choose more than one answer) Family Friends Spouse Alone How much are you prepared to spend to purchase a cinema ticket? RM 5 RM 10 RM 11 RM 16 RM 17 RM 22 Above RM 22 Based on your last cinema going experience, please rate every statements stated below: Lighting Lighting(1 Very poor, 2 Poor, 3 Fair, 4 Good, 5 Very good) à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã‚  1 2 3 4 5 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Clear screen Clear screen à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã‚  1 2 3 4 5 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Air condition Air condition à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã‚  1 2 3 4 5 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Seats setting Seats setting à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã‚  1 2 3 4 5 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Sound system Sound system à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã‚  1 2 3 4 5 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ How do you become aware of the new movies screening in the local cinema? (Continue Section C) Magazines Friends recommendation Online website Newspaper Cinema centre Broadcasting Section C: Please indicate what reasons that discourage you from going cinema (Can choose more than one answer). Price Cinema location Public transportation Promotion Other (Please specify: _________________________________________________) Please rank the following cinema companies from most popular to not popular based on your opinions. (1 Most popular, 2 Popular, 3 Fair, 4 Less popular, 5 Not popular) GSC TGV Cathay Cineplex MBO Lotus Five Star Does the availability of movie viewing alternative such as DVD/VCD/Online streaming discourage you from going cinema? Yes No Thank you for helping in this survey. Appendix 2 Focus Group Discussion This group consists of seven members, both local and foreign UEL students. Their personal information was not collected as each person prefer to remain anonymous in this research. Below is the result from the discussion: Usually you prefer to watch movies on which day? Why? Wednesday. Promotion. Student price. Not so crowded as weekends. Friday. No class on Friday for most of the students. Can spend more time with girlfriend/boyfriend. Saturday. Weekends price cheaper than weekdays. Usually not class for their spouse. What movies genre that you always watch at cinema? Action movies Romance movies (usually with spouse) 3D movies yet due to newly introduce therefore seldom watch by students. Horror movies What type of movies language that you prefer to watch at cinema? Why? English. Strengthen their language. Improve their speaking skill. More better if compare with other language Adopt the correct way to speak English. Forced by lecturer to watch English movies. Usually you go to cinema with whom? Why? Friends. Part of their life. To entertain friends because they ask for a movie. Can share opinions after watching movies. Spouse. Being forced. Improve relationship. Do you satisfied with last experience to cinema in term of seat, sound system, and screen? Will you go to that particular cinema again? Satisfied with those three factors. Yes because GSC provide the best environment to their customers. Satisfied. Now every cinema companies are competing in term of environment in order to booths up their sales. Willing to visit that cinema again. How do you become aware of new movies screening in cinema? Newspaper. Online website (usually for reserve purpose) Friends recommendation Does public transportation affect your cinema-going behaviour? No. Usually have own transportation. Major concern when dont have own transportation. Does location will affect your cinema-going behaviour? Yes. Sometime that cinema is located far away from their house. Stuck in traffic jam will feel exhausted and eliminate the mood to watch movie. Usually price will discourage you from going cinema? No. As long the price is within reasonable price range. No. To enjoy different feeling. Yes. Not affordable to purchase expensive ticket. Does alternative of movie viewing such as DVD or online streaming will discourage you from going cinema? No. That kind of feeling which obtained through watching at cinema is different from watching movie at home. No. Able to have more private space with spouse. Personal Interview Respondents personal information: L: Local student (1116421) F: Foreign student (1116608) Date: 12 April 2010 Duration: 45 minutes Can you tell me in which day of a week that you always go watch movies? L: I always watch movies on weekends especially on Saturday because I able to save cost compare to weekdays. F: Prefer to watch on weekdays oh because I can use my student card to get student price on Wednesday. Then what movies genre that you always watch at cinema? L: Action movies will be my first choose because the way they fight make me feel excited. F: Action movies. I dont like to watch dance/musical movies because is very boring and not attractive to me. What language movies that you always watch at cinema? L: English movies. More excited and adventure compare to other type of language. F: English movies because I am weak in speaking English when communicating with friends or lecturer. So I want to learn how to speak English. You usually go to cinema with whom? L: Friends. To entertain them. But majority of the time will go on date with girlfriend as normal day is study day and unable to spend more time with her. F: Friends. No choice because my boyfriend is not with me at Malaysia. Do environment factors affect your cinema going behaviour? Factors such as seat, sound system and screen. L: Of course not. Fuel price becoming more expensive than before so nearest cinema will be my choice. F: No. As long that I able to be with my friends, other factors will not be my concern. How you get your information about new movies at cinema? L: Through my friends and sometime from newspaper. F: Friends recommendation and newspaper. Usually online website was used to book ticket only. Does distance from your house to cinema is another factor discouraging you from going cinema? L: Yes. More nearest to my house, more likely I will choose that cinema. F: Yes. Sometime when the traffic is crowded then I might late for that movie. Then how about public transportation? L: No. Usually I will drive my car. F: No. My friends will come and fetch me. Will you pay high price for a movie? L: Depend on what movie. If that movie is my favourite then I wont mind spending high price but must be reasonable. F: Usually wont because I have limited budget to spend on every week. Will you buy DVD or go online to watch movie instead of going cinema? L: No. That kind of excitement cannot found if watch at home. (Some reasons have been removed due to personal reason) F: No. As long I can be with my friend, I can go watch movie even I watch that movie for more than two times. Appendix 3 Maslows Hierarchy of Needs, introduced by Abraham Maslow, a famous psychologist, divine into five areas: Physiological Needs, Security Needs, Social Needs, Esteem Needs, Self-actualisation needs. In Social Needs stage, human want to have a sense of belonging, being love or loving. Involved in relationship such as friendship, romance, families can help human being to fulfil their needs for companionship and acceptance (Maslow, 1970).

Foundation Certificate in Human Resource Practice Essay

1. Collecting and recording HR data is vitally important to an organisation. The collecting of the data could be to monitor that laws and regulations are being adhered to for example the Health and Safety at work act 1974, ensuring that all staff are maintaining high health and safety awareness and complying to the law. The data would need to be collected to enable the organisation to prove that it is adhering to current law and legislation. Another example could also be to monitor employee absence levels across the organisation and looking for any pattern or trend relating to individual absences. This data could be used in Absence review meetings and having all the correct and accurate data could be vital in a dispute with an employee. It could highlight issues with employee welfare and enable the company to offer support in order to support the employee back to work. 2. Storing Records There are many methods of storing records, an example is: Electronic which includes hard disks drive – PC, CD – recorder, DVD, databases and spreadsheets, internet or intranet, USB devices, emails and virtual learning environments. Electronic storage can have pros and cons. Advantages can be the speed and accuracy that it provides, spellcheckers etc can all help the documents to be stored accurately. Vast amounts of data can be stored on a computer software system and therefore not take up and physical office space. The electronic way of storing data can also be protected by a password meaning that it is secure and accurate at the same time and protected from anyone outside the HR function, and it means that a variety of colleagues can have access to update and amend the records at the same time, even updating at the same time as colleagues. Manual Storage. Manual storage can be personnel files, absence forms, reports, filing cabinets etc There are lots of benefits to manual storage including having documents which need a physical signature and provide proof of identity like bank details etc. Also should a computer system crash or wipe the documents the paper copy is always accessible. Manual storage is easy to move around and is easy to keep protected and confidential via a lock/key etc although staff with access must ensure it is securely locked away. 3. UK Legislation The Data Protection Act 1998 is about respecting individual rights when processing/collecting and storing their personal information. This is achievable for the company by being honest with employees about the use of their information and by following good data handling procedures. The act is compulsory and all organisations that hold or process personal data must adhere to this. Personal data should be processed fairly and lawfully, the data should be adequate, relevant and not excessive, it should be accurate and where necessary kept up to date, any data should not be kept for longer than necessary, data should be kept secure. All staff has responsibilities under the Act to ensure that their activities comply with the Data Protection Principles Employees do have a right legally to access information that an organisation may hold on them. This could include information regarding any grievances or disciplinary action, or information obtained through performance monitoring processes. Processes should be in place to deal with a data request from an employee as a 40 day time limit is compulsory. The health and safety at work at 1974 is legislation relating to protecting employees from injury or illness as a direct result of their job. All data relating to health and safety must be recorded and stored securely, including accident books. This data may be called upon many years after an employee has left the organisation so staff should ensure documents and information are kept in a secure adequate accessible place. The Freedom of Information Act which came into force in 2000 gives you the right to ask any public sector organisation for all the recorded information they have on any subject. Anyone can make a request for information – there are no restrictions on your age, nationality or where you live. If you ask for information about yourself, then your request will be handled under the Data Protection Act 1998. Recording, Analysing and using Human Resources information is highly important and ensuring it is accurate and efficient will support the organisation strategy in many ways. The Analysis can change the way the organisation moves forward and affect future plans/decisions.

Environmental Speech Essay

My speech will be about Global warming, this is the rise in the average temperature of the Earth’s atmosphere and oceans. In 2011 the emission of carbon dioxide and was the highest it had ever been before and it had also taken a similar jump in 2012. Over all, emissions of carbon dioxide had jumped 3 percent in 2011 and in 2012 it was estimated that it had jumped another 2. 6% in 2012. Scientists are 90% sure that Humans are the cause global warming from producing greenhouse gases produced by human activity like using a car which is burning fossil fuels and also is caused deforestation. Since the early 20th century the Earth’s average temperature has increased by 0. 8 degrees centigrade. The effect of an increased temperature will result in the rise of sea levels. Global warming is strongest in the arctic and causes a more frequent occurrence of extreme weather events such as heat waves, heavy rainfall, droughts and species extinction. How do we stop Global Warming? Turning the thermostat down a few degrees can make a big difference in decreasing our carbon dioxide emissions. Replacing a regular light bulb with compact florescent lights will save you ? 15 over the life of the bulb and reduce global warming. Driving less and using public transport more often will reduce the carbon dioxide from the burning of fossil fuels which are burnt every day from transportation vehicles. Decorating your house with plants and trees will help as they take in carbon dioxide and produce oxygen.

Project Sponsor Interview Essays

Project Sponsor Interview Essays Project Sponsor Interview Essay Project Sponsor Interview Essay The internet places vast amounts of information at our fingertips. More and more customers view the website first before they visit a store or make contact with the company. A company’s web page is becoming the face of the corporation in today’s marketplace. The design of that web page can either entice or detract a potential customer from seeking assistance. Web page design companies use project managers to supervise web page construction for corporate and government clients. The success or failure of these pages depends on the use of sound project planning and metrics. Practical use of these metrics will win clients. The improper use of planning and metrics will drive business away. Having a project manager that can use the metrics to their advantage will ensure the web design company can stay profitable. Ionata Web Solutions is a provider of internet based applications and data base driven web sites. The company has offices located in Tasmania and San Diego. The company was formerly known as Nextleft before 2008. Nextleft experienced a great deal of success developing web applications for a wide range of government and corporate clients. Their web design and software solutions facilitate content creation, content control, editing, and essential web maintenance functions. Josh Gaffney has been a project manager for Ionata since 2002. His duties include overseeing the design process of the web sites created for clients and managing a team of 5-10. He uses the information that he and the sales team gather when they are meeting with perspective clients to design web pages that are suitable to the company’s needs. These web pages can be as small as a page to as large as an entire company’s site, including their sales and support applications. Josh has witnessed and helped fuel the growth of the internet into the enormous influence in everyday life that it is today. In the early stages of web design the pages were sometimes crude and difficult to navigate. With a team of talented and artistic programmers and designers, he has developed stylized pages that consumers find appealing. As technology gets better and computers become more advanced, the bar on web page design and function keeps rising. Josh has challenged himself and his team to keep above the bar and produce quality products at competitive prices for the customers. I have chosen to interview Josh because I have always been interested in the field that he is currently working in. My goal is to use my project management skills in a technology field as well. I performed this interview with several goals in mind. I wanted Josh to divulge as many facts and figures as he could. Each question was targeted to retrieve the most information possible. During the interview Josh was able to explain the details of his work and how a project starts, progresses, and ends. To start, I asked Josh what he would consider to be three critically important things you must do well as a project manager in order for the project to succeed. He answered that having great communication skills, understanding the needs of team members, and being able to estimate and give information when needed are critical to his position. Communicating with team members is very important because they need to be informed of their job tasks. Each team member is an integral part of the project plan. If one member is uninformed it could delay every other part of the project. Keeping your teams needs met requires a manager that is on task and able to listen to the team members requests. Another critical part of the job is being able to estimate information and educate sponsors and team members on what improvements will come from the project. Using a manager’s estimate of impact allows Josh to estimate the percentage of improvement that should be attributed to the project. Being able to show improvement estimations to sponsors and clients will demonstrate that you are ready to take on the activities with a goal in mind. Starting a project can be intimidating for some managers. It is important that the manager knows how they should start the process. The team usually starts off the project with a â€Å"kickoff meeting. † The team sits down together and starts to plan the schedule and budget. The input from the customer is analyzed and an overall design sense is mapped out. Project costs are weight and compared to the wants of the customer. His team is usually working on two to three projects at any given time. Some are small and some are large, but each is produced with quality in mind. Your finished project is what the customer sees and critiques. Josh stressed that deadlines can fluctuate. The scope can change if the customer decides to add or subtract requirements for the design. Clients will ask for more or different elements to be added, even during the later stages of the project. Each project has to be looked at in a new light. You cannot treat one client the same as the next. â€Å"We do not produce cookie cutter web applications. Each site or application is tailored to the customer. † He also talked about the budget and the importance of keeping within the guidelines that have been set. When determining the costs of the project, Josh will meet with the team and produce a â€Å"projected cost vs. budget plan. † These estimates are based on how the project will be done, in what time frame, and with what resources. You cannot decide what to build until the costs and budget have been weighed. You do not want to try to build an elaborate site on a shoestring budget. Before the plan is implemented, he always asks, â€Å"Can we stay in the budget range. † This is a surprisingly simple question, but one that is the foundation of the project. If the answer is yes, the plan will be approved and work will be scheduled. Josh uses data and statistics to entice potential clients into choosing his team to build their web applications. He will show the customer how building or redesigning will increase traffic to their web page. Using data from previous projects shows the client how a new design has worked for previous customers. This helps new customers see the benefits of choosing to move forward with the project. One of the initial statistics that he uses is web analytics. Web analytics are any request for a file from a Web server. This means that every request that is made to a Web server can be considered a hit. Every time an image is downloaded for display on a Web page is a hit. For example, a simple Web page with four images would result in five hits to the server. These hits provide sense of overall happiness and time spent at the web page. More time spent on the site means more opportunities for the company to reach additional customers. Another metric used to show the potential benefits of the project is the Return on Investment (ROI). The ROI helps to convince the client that the expense for the project solution is beneficial. Josh uses estimates of impact verses the cost estimates to convey the payback and profit to the customer. The ROI is a great tool to convert statistics and data to the monetary value that the customer is looking for. Josh has encountered many problems during certain projects, but I asked him to think of two big problems that he encounters and what he does to resolve them. The first problem that he mentioned is managing unreasonable demands. A good portion of the clients do not understand what is possible. Some customers make demands that the team cannot accommodate. Most want more work performed without increasing the budget. Josh has the daunting task of keeping the customers happy. He works with the customer to explain the limitations and set realistic expectations. The second problem he faces is the element of overload. Working on two or more projects can cause the project manager to be overwhelmed if the schedules are not clear and concise. Following the designated tasks and keeping the team on schedule requires the manager to focus on staying within the set time frame. As a follow up question to keeping the team on schedule, I asked Josh to expand on how he completes that task and what he does to resolve issues within the team. There are different personalities in every team. Each member should be treated fairly and with respect. You will have different types of situations to deal with in every team. Some members are creative while others are technical or analytical. Team members do not always relate well to others. This is where you pay special attention to the needs of the team. Some need close management while others hate it. While some members can stay on task on their own, others are prone to over promising and under delivering. For these team members Josh likes to set up â€Å"check in points. † These points allow the manager to keep track of the team member’s progress so the entire team does not fall behind waiting for one component to be completed. Some deadlines are hard and some are soft. It is best to keep the deadlines in the forefront of your mind. Forgetting or dismissing deadlines will ultimately add more cost and resource consumption to the project. Once the project is coming to a close the team will build a presentation for the customer to see the finished product before the page is uploaded. They will use different methods to exhibit the product to the client. Some customers are presented the information over the web in a live web meeting. Other clients want to see the product first hand or will send a representative to check the work. Mock ups and presentations are prepared in advance with flash slides so the client can see the new design in action. Some have not seen the product since the beginning or at all. This portion of the project is extremely important to the team. If the client is not impressed or favorable of the product, more work will need to be performed until the product is acceptable to the buyer. As stated earlier, sometimes the customer’s demands are unreasonable. The team is always limited to the technology and tools that are available. Some client’s wants may be too idealistic or they strive for an unrealistic perfection. The purpose of process improvement is to identify, analyze and improve existing processes within an organization to meet new goals and objectives. The final product is the key to any project. Without quality work the process will not be improved and may even degrade the development. Moving in a backward direction is unacceptable for continued success of the project team. Reference: Gaffney, J. P. (2010, February 24th). Project Manager, Ionata Web Solutions. Interview. Phillips, J. J. , Bothell, T. W. , Snead, G. L. (2002). The project   management scorecard: Measuring the success of project   management solutions. Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann.

Business Ethics Example

Business Ethics Example Business Ethics – Case Study Example Business Ethics Mary’s case is a complicated dilemma. Arguably, one of the evident aspects, in this case, is a case ofsexual harassment. Mary has a number of ethical dilemmas. Primarily, her main problem is the fact that she needs the corporate support for the blood drive as she is passionate about the mission. She is not quite sure if she should forward Joe for his unlawful conduct or whether she should. In normal cases, Joe would be at a great disadvantage and could face a court sentencing for fondling Peggy’s breast. However, in this case, the corporation might withdraw its support since its representative has been incriminated in the process. However, another possible situation is whereby Mary reports the case to the corporate managers and gets their support, hence allowing the program to continue while Joe faces legal action. Primarily, Mary has two options to undertake. First, Mary needs to understand the level of corporate tolerance of sexual harassment cases in the past to determine if it is safe to report Joe to the top management or if it is not. After understanding the tolerance levels within the organization, would make the dilemma uncomplicated, especially if the company has a strict sexual harassment policy. Secondly, the company might have high tolerance levels to such individuals. In such a case, Mary can tell Peggy all what is at stake, but consistently reminds her that whatever action she decides to take against Joe is up to her and that Mary will support her fully. In such an incidence, then Mary may lose the program if Peggy decides to press charges or retain it if she decides to overlook the issue for a greater purpose. It is then entirely up to the injured party to decide what legal action to take and in no way up to the managers (Boland 174). However, Mary needs to take proactive actions to prevent Joe from taking such measures such as requesting a different representative from the corporation. Work CitedBoland, Mary L. Sexu al Harassment in the Workplace. Naperville, Ill: Sphinx Pub, 2006. Print.

CHANGE MANAGEMENT ON AN UNDERPERFOMING VDP Essay

CHANGE MANAGEMENT ON AN UNDERPERFOMING VDP - Essay Example es and frameworks, in their efforts to bring about the necessary changes by the VDPs to increase the performance levels and thereby patient satisfaction. The practise of dentistry in the United Kingdom requires all dentists to be registered with the General Dental Council (GDC). The GDC is the monitoring body for the dentistry practice and in its perspective the register of dentists â€Å"is not simply a list of those who call themselves a dentist. It is a list of professionals, who are recognised under the Law to be properly trained, qualified and fit for current practise and subject to regulations†. (1) Vocational Training (VT) has become mandatory for dentists to retain their own contract with a PCT. VT in general dental practice originates from the generic term ‘on-the-job-training’ (OJT). OJT for long has been acknowledged, as the preferred means for developing practical and other workplace skills. Trainers with adequate teaching and assessment skills are responsible for the work of VDPs. Through weekly tutorials; trainers supply their VDPs with help on demand and adequate supervision. Development of peer and self-review and the need for enhanced professional education, training and audit, as a lifelong continuous process are encouraged throughout the VT. (2). R Rattan Curbing unsatisfactory performance has become necessary. To this end the GDC utilises the assistance of the National Clinical Assessment Service (NCAS), to provide the assessment service. The GDC has effected this assessment through the new powers it received since July2006, to strengthen its procedures in taking decisions on the fitness of a registrant to practise, in case of misconduct, ill health, and in establishing new procedures to check unsatisfactory performance. I faced such a challenge in my dental practice last year, when several factors including an increase in patient complaints identified trainee performing unsatisfactorily. For improvement change initiatives were proposed,

Case study Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Case study - Assignment Example Finally, I will have to evaluate the decision once a diet program is adopted to ascertain the satisfaction it is intended (Chater 15). In a business, value is created through performing actions, which increase its worth of services and goods. Weight Watchers have created value employ the use of the Internet in enabling members to check meals at popular restaurants, point values for food, as well as add meals or snacks to their daily food journals online (Brazin 34). They have also created similar cell phone applications and services for training on fitness. Jenny Craig has created value through offering additional one-on-one counseling services to members and customizing diet programs to fit various social groups like men, women, or teenagers (Fayolle 30). The determinant attributes that set Jenny Craig’s and Weight Watchers’ programs apart include diet program, cost, average weight loss, support, the percentage of participants still in the program after four weeks, as well as long term assistance. The two diet companies through several ways such as building realistic expectations, which are neither too high nor too low, can enhance customer satisfaction. It will be prudent for them to note that unrealistically high expectations from consumers of their services set through personal selling or advertisement may initially lead to higher sales, but in the result in dissatisfaction if the diet programs do not meet the expectations (Randall 54). They can also do this by demonstrating correct implementation of their diet programs through actual recordings of success in previous cases. This will enable them to sell more by standing behind their services and products through provision of money-back warranties and guarantees. Customer satisfaction can also be improved through encouraging feedback from them. This will help in cutting down on negative word of mouth as well as

Conflict Between Palestine and Israel Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Conflict Between Palestine and Israel - Essay Example I also discuss the current issues in the Israeli- Palestinian conflict. The fight between Israel and Palestine nation has been and continues to be bloody and yet, both nations have realized that the only chance for peace is compromising politically with the establishment of a Palestinian state that is self-ruled (Gelvin, 2007). The Jewish community occupied and expanded their settlement with about 220,000 populations in the West Bank, which belonged to the Arabs. The Arabs demanded withdrawal from the land because it was initially theirs from 1967. However, the Jews had migrated to Palestine in 1882 and by then, less than 250,000 Arabs lived there. Therefore, the Jews continued to expand their settlement (Gelvin, 2007). The Palestine groups that were involved in politically motivated violence were Hamas, Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – General demand (PFLP-GC), Abu Nidal Organization and others. Almost all of these groups were founded to destroy Israel using violence. However, in 1993 PLO group renounced their aim by signing the Oslo Declaration of Principles and agreed to Honor a resolution that recognizes Israel’s right of existence. In return, PLO entered West Bank and Palestinians gained control in this area. Groups that objected to these agreements started suicide bombings on Israel. Since 2000, Palestinians have killed thousands of Israelis in terror attacks and in defense; the Israelis have killed over 3,500 Palestinians (Gelvin, 2007). At the beginning of the Oslo process, Israel responded to the violence started by Palestinians by cutting down the flow of workers from Palestine to Israel and strict checking at the boarder. The checkpoints made it difficult for Palestinians to work in Jerusalem or travel between their own towns. After year 2000, the Palestinian raids became severe and following this,

Aqa Business Studies Essay Example for Free

Aqa Business Studies Essay Explain two benefits to them of setting up the business as a partnership. (4 marks) Explain two ways that Expresso Printing Ltd could motivate its two new employees (4 Marks) Explain two possible effects on Good for Us of lowering its prices (4 Marks) Good for Us prides itself in providing good customer service. Explain two ways in which Good for Us could provide good customer service (4 Marks) Explain the benefits to Darren of producing a business plan (4 Marks) Explain two benefits to Darren of aiming his product range at a gap in the market (4 Marks) Explain why the charity uses volunteers in the shop and not paid workers (4 Marks) Explain why the profit or loss made in November 2010 has changed from the ? 50 000 profit made in November 2009. (4 marks) Using the data in Figure 1, calculate the profit or loss made by Atkins Ltd in November 2010. (4 Marks) Explain why it is important and how does it benefit Atkins Ltd for having a high quality product. (4 Marks) Explain one advantage and one disadvantage for Jenny of operating as a franchise. 4 Marks) Explain two possible reasons why A to Z Frames has highly paid workers (4 Marks) Explain how STS would benefit from improving its customer service. (4 Marks) State one other source of finance and explain why it might be suitable for Tony and Rima (4 Marks) Explain the possible effects on Meals for All of using cheaper ingredients (4 Marks) Describe the effect that the opening of the new pizza takeaway might have on two different groups of stakeholders of Marco’s business (4 Marks) Explain what other information Marco would need to consider before deciding whether to reduce his price (4 Marks) Explain two advantages to Budget Signs Ltd of using batch production to produces its large range of standard signs (4 Marks) Explain two advantages to Budget Signs Ltd of using job production to produces its large range of standard signs (4 Marks) Explain two disadvantages to Budget Signs Ltd of using batch production to produces its large range of standard signs (4 Marks) Explain two disadvantages to Budget Signs Ltd of using job production to produces its large range of standard signs (4 Marks) State and explain two reasons why the company mainly employs part – time staff State and explain two reasons why the company mainly employs full – time staff Explain two benefits to them of setting up the business as a company. (4 marks) Explain two benefits to them of setting up the business as a franchise. (4 marks) Explain two benefits to them of setting up the business as a partnership. (4 marks)

David Ricardo :: essays research papers

David Ricardo was born on April 19 1772 in London and was the third son of 17 children. His parents were very successful and his father was a wealthy merchant banker, making a fortune on the London Stock Exchange. When he was 14, Ricardo joined his father's business and showed a good grasp of economic affairs. However, he was disinherited by his parents when in 1793, he married a Quaker, so he set up on his own career as a stockbroker. He continued as a member of the stock exchange, where his ability won him the support of an eminent banking house. His success in this allowed him to retire at the age of 42. This enabled him to pursue his interests in literature and science, particularly in mathematics, chemistry, and geology. Along with Malthus, Ricardo was very concerned about the impact that rising populations would have on the economy. He argued that with more people, more land would have to be cultivated. However, the return from this land would not be constant as the amount of capital available would not grow at the same rate. In fact the land would suffer from diminishing returns. Extra land that was brought into cultivation would become more and more marginal in terms of profitability, and eventually returns would not be enough to attract any further capital. At this point the maximum level of economic rent would have been earned. The knowledge of comparative advantage enables countries to trade with other countries more efficiently and knowing the opportunity cost than are forgone and making the correct choices.It improves diplomatic relations between the trading countries.It also enables us to know which countries are relatively better at producing certain goods as compared to other countries.So,due to this theory,it allows trade between countries to improve their consumption of the goods in the market.

We Need a Retirement Plan

With the way the economy is today, we need all the money we can get especially when we retire. The topic of my paper is â€Å"We do not need a retirement plan because social security will cover our needs when we retire. This is a topic that I strongly disagree with; Social Security alone will not be enough to cover our needs when we retire. Social Security or SSI is a program financed through general revenues; it is designed to help adults who are blind, the elderly and disabled people who have little or no income. SSI provides cash to meet basic needs for food, clothing, and shelter. Whether you can get SSI depends on your income and things you own. SSI benefits are payable to adults who have limited income and resources, meet the living requirements, and are otherwise eligible. If you don’t fall into any of these categories and you have already retired without a retirement plan, you won’t have a source of income to support yourself. The Federal benefit rate for a SSI payment is $674 dollars, as we all know $674. 0 is not nearly enough to live, and that may only be enough to pay your rent. You will still have other living expenses such as food, bills, and personal items, not to mention health care. Although there is Medicaid, and Medicare but not everyone is eligible to receive those benefits. These are a few reasons why Social Security will not be enough to cover our needs when we retire without a retirement plan. With Social Security there is no guarantee that you will qualify to receive payment. SSI is based on your income, money that you receive such as wedges, other SSI benefits, and pensions. The amount of income you can receive each month and still get SSI depends partly on where you live. Some of the resources used in the qualification process are; real estate, bank accounts, stocks and bonds, and cash. You may be able to receive SSI benefits if your resources are worth no more than $2,000. A couple may be eligible to receive SSI benefits if their resources are worth no more than $3,000. Another big issue with retirement is Health Care. Sure Medical insurance is included when you receive Social Security called Medicare and Medicaid, but again you have to qualify for that as well. You may think that Medicaid and Medicare are the same; actually they are two different programs. Medicaid is a state run program that provides hospital and medical coverage for people with low income and little or no resources. Each state has its own rules about who is eligible and what is covered under Medicaid. The program helps with the cost of health care, but it does not over all medical expenses or the cost of most long-term care. Medicare is financed by a portion of the payroll taxes paid by workers and their employers. It also is financed in part by monthly premiums deducted from Social Security checks. Some people qualify for both Medicare and Medicaid. Medicare is our country’s health insurance program for people age 65 or older. Certain people younger than age 65 can qualify for Medicare, too, including those who have disa bilities and those who have permanent kidney failure or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrig’s disease). In order to qualify for Medicare before the age of 65 if; you have been entitled to Social Security disability benefits for 24 months; or you receive a disability pension from the railroad retirement board and meet certain conditions; or you worked long enough in a government job where Medicare taxes were paid and you meet the requirements of the Social Security disability program; or you are the child or the widow(er) age 50, or older, including a divorced widow(er), of someone who has worked long enough in a government job where Medicare taxes were paid and you meet the requirement of the Social Security disability program. During my research I was able to interview 3 people; Thomas Burrell a retired veteran who has SSI and retirement, Kathy Burrell retired from the school system that only has retirement, and Thelma Kelly an elderly woman who is retired but only receives SSI. Mr. Burrell is retired from the military in 1991, retired from the United States Postal Service in 2001; he started to receive SSI benefits in 2001. When I interviewed Mr. Burrell, he had a lot to say about SSI and retirement. Even though he is receiving both, he knows that if he only had one benefit he would not be able to maintain his lifestyle. By Mr. Burrell receiving SSI and retirement he is able to provide for his family. As far as health care goes, Mr. Burrell has Medicare. By him receiving retirement he does not qualify for Medicaid which will cover all of your medical needs. You are not making a lot of money with either the SSI benefit or retirement, but with both combined you will be able to survive. T. Burrell (personal communication, April 6, 2011) Kathy Burrell, who has just retired in January of this year, only has a retirement plan and no SSI benefits. Mrs. Burrell retired through the Florida Retirement System (FRS) and the 401K plan, and being employed in Florida you have to wait 4 months after you retire to access your money. You will need to have some kind of income to last until you receive your full retirement. Mrs. Burrell knows that she is not able to survive on retirement alone. If she didn’t have a husband, after she retired she would have to get another form of income to make ends meet. As far as health care goes, If Mrs. Burrell did not have military insurance from her husband; she would not have or be able to afford it. K. Burrell (personal communication, April 6, 2011) Thelma Kelly a resident of Columbia, South Carolina has been retired for the past 15 years. Mrs. Kelly who is a widow has been receiving SSI benefits from her late husband, and because she is eligible. Mrs. Kelly receives $700. 00 a month, says that it is a blessing that she does not have a house payment because she would not be able to afford it. Mrs. Kelly struggles every month to make her $700. 00 a month check last for food, gas, utility bills, and other personal items. T. Kelly (personal communication, April 6, 2011) In conclusion it would be beneficial to have a retirement plan along with Social Security benefits to be able to support yourself. As mentioned earlier there are a lot of stipulations and requirements in order to qualify for Social Security. Social Security alone will not be enough to cover our needs when we retire.